Bio

I've been writing about law, politics, and language for some years now.  My book on constitutional originalism, The Naked Constitution, will be published October 2012.  My previous book The Party of First Part: The Curious World of Legalese was published by Macmillan in 2007 (and praised by the late William Safire).  I host the "Legal Lad" podcast. My commentary has been featured in publications including New York Times, Wall Street Journal,  National Review, Slate, and Newsweek International.


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Adam Freedman
Name:
Adam Freedman
Hometown:
Brooklyn
Joined:
May 17, 2010

Recent Comments

Adam Freedman

I'm not a founder, but I was one of the first contributors and am incredibly proud of what we have built together (oh wait - we didn't built that, the government did).  I'll never forget the early days of the site, when the camaraderie was just what the doctor ordered to overcome my post-2008 election blues.  

Ricochet has stiffened my spine and sharpened my writing.  Posting a piece to the main feed is like submitting an essay to a team of editors -- very congenial and like-minded editors, but editors nonetheless.  When I first joined, I had an idea - just an idea - about writing a book on the Constitution.  That book has now been published, which I don't think would have happened without Ricochet.

The best part has been getting to know other members and contributors.  Member meet-ups are a great tradition and one that I hope continues (come to think of it, we're due for another Brooklyn meet-up soon...)

Adam Freedman
Joseph Paquette: I have no problem with this ruling.  Having to prove your a citizen before you vote is an unreasonable burden.  However, that doesn't make it legal for non citizens to vote.  It will still be considered voter fraud, and probably a felony in most jurisdictions.  Like all crime, the state shouldn't have the power (and intrusion) to prevent it, but enforce the laws once broken.  An analogy, would be, you have to prove you have business or be a resident before entering a city, this would cut down on breaking and entering, but it makes more sense to protect liberty, and only arrest the burglar.  · 16 hours ago

I think what you mean is that you like the result, ie that Arizona is forced to use the streamlined federal form with no additional proof required.  The constitutional question is whether the Feds can legitimately divest states of their sovereign power over voter qualifications.

Adam Freedman
Dave Carter: Adam, you mention the possibility that the issue can be re-visited at some point in the future. But won't that visitation be hampered by the much esteemed doctrine of Stare Decisis, which holds that the more onerous a decision is, the less likely it is to be reversed? · 17 hours ago

Dave: not in the this situation.  The SCOTUS holding stands for the proposition that the state must go through the motions to have the Feds bless any additions to the federal voter registration form.  In a future litigation, the issue will be whether the Feds can legitimately turn down Texas' request.  The court could force the Feds to accomodate Texas's voter ID law.  But, the Court will not be required to.  There is some fine talk about states' rights in Scalia's opinion, but it is all "dicta" as they say -- not technically binding on a future court.  So SCOTUS can do whatever it wants but at least Scalia's dicta is helpful, since it was joined by 6 other justices.

Adam Freedman

Not JMR

Adam Freedman: 

What gave Arizona the crazy idea that it could make laws about voter registration?  Oh, just the fusty old Constitution. Article I, Section 2 says that the voters in federal elections, “shall have the Qualifications requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch of the State Legislature.” In other words, voter qualifications for federal elections derive from the qualifications for state elections – and the federal government has no say over state voter qualifications

"The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof;but the Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to the Places of chusing Senators."

Kind of an important consideration... · 3 minutes ago

Agreed that Congress can override state laws re: "times, places, and manner" of holding elections, but (as I point out above), Article I, Section 2 is the more specific provision which clearly empowers states to determine voter qualifications.

Adam Freedman

Hooray!  Ricochet at its best.

Adam Freedman

Peter Robinson

Tommy De Seno: "Shameless" Ted Olsen?

Can you expound? · 2 minutes ago

His arguments--here in California, in this morning's Wall Street Journal, and just now, before the high court--have proven utterly specious.   · 55 minutes ago

Edited 54 minutes ago

I agree with Peter: "shameless" is not too strong a word.   His WSJ piece with David Boies this morning is a pseudo-idealistic piece full of misleading statements (and mixed metaphors: "this badge of inequality must be extinguished" -- yikes).  They describe Prop 8 as "eliminating the right" to gay marriage, without mentioning that the "right" had been judicially-imposed by the California Supreme Court.  Prop 8 simply restored what the voters previously decided in Prop 22.  They claim that the growing acceptance of SSM in some way strengthens the constitutional case against Prop 8, even though both of them (Olson at least) must know that you don't interpret the Constitution based on polls.  And this morning in response to a question from Sotomayor, Olson could not articulate a coherent reason why the "marriage right" shouldn't be extended to polygamy and incest.  Olson is promoting Olson -- the Constitution is collateral damage. 

Adam Freedman

Scalia's reductio argument was unfortunate. There ought to be a world of difference between a law that criminalizes homosexual conduct and a law that simply excludes such conduct from the definition of marriage. During the Law Talk at Fordham, I think you (Richard) pointed out that the equal protection clause was originally understood as applicable to criminal law, not civil laws such as marriage. So on originalist grounds, can't we distinguish Lawrence from the question of gay marriage?

Adam Freedman

Tommy De Seno

In my view, it has to extend to those things for folks to be equally protected.

That's why my ultimate position is outside that box:

Marriages are private contracts.   The government has a recording requirement like with deeds to prevent fraud.   The judiciary can rule on breach.  No government benefits or taxes.

Just as it was for thousands of years (sometimes sans the recording) before the 1750s, when government got too involved and started ruining marriage. · 21 minutes ago

Ah, now I see your position.  Well, I agree that government involvement does tend to ruin things!

Adam Freedman

Tommy De Seno

I believe marriage is a fundamental right, so you know where I stand.

The First Amendment guarantees every clergyman's right to perform any sort of marriage, and it protects everyone's right to refer to their relationships as "marriage."  But it doesn't guarantee state recognition and subsidies for every purported "marriage."  Does your "fundamental right" extend to polygamous marriages?  Incestuous marriages? Asexual marriage?  Or in Scarlet's example above, marriage between business partners?  If not, why not? 

Adam Freedman

Tommy De Seno

The state is presenting two people in exactly the same condition.  The Feds are splitting them up into favored and disfavored groups.

Which level of scrutiny will you suppose the court will apply to that action?

It is the essence of law to make distinctions; most of them are not invidious.  Assuming for the sake of argument that DOMA presents an equal protection issue (and it would be only a pseudo-issue because the equal protection clause applies only to the states), then it should be judged by rational basis scrutiny and upheld.

Adam Freedman

By the way, I should mention that not all conservative scholars have signed on to the federalism brief.  Nicohoas Quinn Rosenkranz, one of the leading constitutional scholars and a colleague of Randy Barnett at Georgetown, also argues that DOMA section 3 is consistent with federalism.   See here and here.

Adam Freedman

Tommy De Seno

But the Feds will be allowing some in my state to gain an advantage while denying it to others, even though the state treats them the same.

That means WITHIN the state, there is an advantage.

I see an equal protection problem there. · 5 minutes ago

Equal protection does not mean that the IRS must grant every tax advantage dreamed up by the states.  The question is whether gays are a protected class  and if so, whether the traditional definition of marriage can withstand whatever level of judicial scrutiny the court decides to apply.  If there is a violation of equal protection, then the violation would not depend on a discrepancy between state and federal tax regimes. 

Adam Freedman

"Any change, at any time, for any reason, is to be deplored."

-- Duke of Cambridge

Adam Freedman

Tommy De Seno

Adam Freedman

Tommy De Seno: Question:

Assume my state allows a gay couple to file joint state tax returns.

With DOMA, will the Feds allow a joint federal return? · 8 minutes ago

DOMA is current law and my understanding is, no, gay couples cannot opt for "married filing jointly" status. · in 0 minutes

Isn't that proof that you can't really keep the state and federal definitions separate?   · 2 minutes ago

I'm afraid I don't see how that proves anything.  State and federal governments are free to create different tax regimes, even if it creates more paperwork for certain filers.

Adam Freedman

Tommy De Seno: Question:

Assume my state allows a gay couple to file joint state tax returns.

With DOMA, will the Feds allow a joint federal return? · 8 minutes ago

DOMA is current law and my understanding is, no, gay couples cannot opt for "married filing jointly" status.

Adam Freedman

BrentB67: Adam, isn't there a portion of the DOMA that tries to ensure states that do not approve SSM will not have to honor 'marriages' that take occur in states that do have SSM?

How do you think this will be affected by SCOTUS? · 6 minutes ago

Yes, that's section 2, but that section is not at issue in the DOMA case.  However, if the Prop 8 decision is upheld, it could (depending on the breadth of the decision) create a national constitutional right to same-sex marriage, in which case section 2 is irrelevant since all states will have to recognize same-sex marriages.

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